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Thursday 23 February 2012

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Gay pride

Jerry Hayes

Now that the Tory party is about to embark on an unedifying internal spat over gay marriage, I would commend students of political history to read Michael McManus’s beautifully written and well-researched book Tory Pride and Prejudice: the Conservative Party and Homosexual Reform.

Readers may be surprised to learn that supporters of the decriminalisation of homosexual acts in private included Enoch Powell, Margaret Thatcher, Patrick Jenkin and Ian Mcleod. They were lonely figures in those early days.

The paradox that the Conservative party faced is best summed up by Guy (now Lord) Black: ‘It was one of those phenomena that, when the Conservative party appeared nationally to be at its most homophobic, at the very heart of the organisation were all these influential gay men. Although everybody knew what was going on, nobody made it very obvious.’

The case that captured the imagination of the 1950s was the imprisonment, for incitement, of Peter Wildeblood, the diplomatic correspondent of the Daily Mail, Michael Pitt Rivers and Lord Montagu. To the surprise of the authorities and the defendants, the crowds cheered them on their way to prison.

Public opinion was on the turn, and David Maxwell Fife, not the most liberal of home secretaries, appointed an obscure academic, Lord Wolfenden, to investigate. The Home Secretary did not appreciate that Wolfenden’s son, Jeremy, was actively gay.

Not surprisingly, most politicians were out of step with the public mood for reform. Lord Winterton introduced a debate on homosexual crime, ‘… This nauseating subject … fornication and adultery are evils … [nothing does] more evil nor do[es] more harm than the filthy, disgusting, unnatural vice of homosexuality.’ Immediately beforehand, peers had passed the Wankie Colliery Bill.

In the Commons, William Shepherd MP had this to say: ‘Incest is a much more natural act than homosexuality.’ This was followed by James Dance’s classic, ‘… It was the condoning of this sort of offence which led to the downfall of the Roman Empire. I feel that it was the condoning of these offences which led to the fall of Nazi Germany [laughter].’  

Sir Cyril Osborne added a degree of academic rigour to the debate: ‘The sponsors of this bill [claim] that there are about one million “homos” in this country … I do not believe that our country is as rotten as that. It is an awful slur on the good name of the country.’ And then, to much laughter, he said this: ‘I have never come across a “homo” in this House.’

Eventually, after a protracted and often bitter struggle, the law allowing decriminalisation was passed.

The next row was in the 1970s, when the unusual alliance of Malcolm Rifkind and Robin Cook campaigned to bring Scottish law into line with English. They were defeated. The law didn’t change until the next Labour government.

In 1980, MPs tried again to move the law a little beyond Wolfenden. Many Tories were horrified. John MacKay MP said, ‘I want my children to watch television and to go down Victoria Street on a Saturday afternoon without having such matters thrust down their throats.’ Reform was defeated, but with Ken Clarke, Nigel Lawson and John Major voting in favour.

Michael McManus skilfully leads us through the horrors of the 1980s, when homosexuality had just become a stick to beat the loony left on spending. Clause 28 became a focal point of division, insult and misery. In 1985, a speaker at conference was cheered when he crowed, ‘If you want a queer for your neighbour, vote Labour!’  

On the floor of the house, Tony Banks asked employment minister Alan Clarke what work was being done to combat discrimination against lesbians and gays in employment. The answer was, ‘None.’ Those were shameful days for the Conservative Party.

This book is a testament to thorough research and good writing. McManus deftly chronicles the long road from hostility, to prejudice, to tolerance and now equality. He shows how imposing a three-line whip on matters of conscience can destroy a leader, as it did Iain Duncan Smith over gay adoptions.

It is cheering to think that we have come such a long way from 1985, with Cameron being cheered at conference for saying what the vast majority of the public instinctively feel:

‘There’s something special about marriage. It’s not about religion. It’s not about morality. It’s about commitment. When you stand up there, in front of your friends and family, in front of the world, what you’re doing really means something brave and important. You are publicly saying: it’s not about “me, me, me, me” anymore. It’s about “we”: together, the two of us, through thick and thin. That really matters. And, by the way, it means something whether you’re a man and a woman, a woman and a woman or a man and another man. That’s why we were right to support civil partnerships, and I’m proud of that.’

But, rather than end on that spirit of hope and optimism, McManus sounds a note of warning. He quotes Tory MEP Roger Helmer: ‘Homophobia is merely a propaganda device designed to denigrate and stigmatise those holding conventional opinions, which have been held by most people through most of recorded history.’

Eighteen months later, Helmer tweeted, ‘Why is it ok for a surgeon to perform sex change operation but not OK for a psychiatrist to try to ‘turn’ a consenting homosexual?’  

Sadly, Helmer isn’t alone. Before the 2010 election, 32 new MPs signed and 38 were judged supportive of the Westminster Declaration, which defines marriage as:

‘The lifelong covental union of one man and one woman as husband and wife … divinely ordained and the only context for sexual intercourse.’ It refuses to, ‘submit to any edict forcing us to equate any other form of sexual partnership with marriage.’

It appears that intolerance is still alive and well among some backbenchers.

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Comments

January 22nd, 2012 6:06pm

Simon

Let us not discriminate. Why not define marriage for the future as the lifelong or shorter union of one or more creatures regardless of gender, solemnised as the parties choose?

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January 22nd, 2012 6:46pm

Cynic

What started off as the decriminalisation of a private act has turned into a witch hunt against everyone who finds that act distasteful.

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January 22nd, 2012 6:52pm

Heartless Curmudgeon

There is no such thing as 'Gay Marriage' - call it any other debased PC term you like but Marriage it is not!!

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January 22nd, 2012 6:57pm

MickC

The answer to this is surely quite simple.

Marriage is a religious ceremony and institution. Whether it can be between same sex partners is entirely a matter for the relevant religion.

In civil law there should be a civil institution of partnership. All partners should should go through this-if they wish to have a religious ceremony that should be according to the rites of that religion.

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January 22nd, 2012 7:38pm

Frank Sutton

What do you feel is the correct answer to Roger Helmer's rather reasonable sounding question?

You don't - "sadly" - supply one.

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January 22nd, 2012 7:50pm

THOMAS KNIGHT

It's a technique as old as the hills to bracket anyone on the 'other' side of a debate as being one with those holding extreme views.

There is no illogicality whatsoever between holding a strong position in favour of gay rights and freedoms, seeing civil partnerships in a very positive light; and holding that the institution of marriage has a particular, very ancient, meaning and significance (beyond a narrow religious one) as being between a man and a woman.

Holding the latter view is a perfectly legitimate position and cheap shots like the article above should not be permitted to bring those holding it into disrepute.

The word 'marriage' has meant something specific for many centuries and its meaning can't simply be changed by PC diktat.

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January 22nd, 2012 7:52pm

Brunswick

If marriage is covenantal and divinely ordained, one trusts that these 32 + 38 will be laying a bill before the house to abolish Civil Marriage and the tax breaks that go with it.

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January 22nd, 2012 7:55pm

TomTom

Enoch Powell had other views for which the Conservative Party punished him, perhaps they were too "mainstream" ?

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January 22nd, 2012 8:06pm

Simon Mason

Jerry, great and important post.

Personally I'm with Dolly Parton on gay marriage:

‘Sure, why can’t they get married? They should suffer like the rest of us do.’”

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January 22nd, 2012 8:16pm

Fergus Pickering

One of the funniest things I've read for quite a bit. People are usually funny when they talk about morality but these ones are something else.

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January 22nd, 2012 9:33pm

Peter From Maidstone

This sort of rubbish is why the Spectator lost my custom. It's not conservative at all, it's not thought provoking. It is just the usual bigoted rant.

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January 22nd, 2012 11:05pm

EC

You've stumbled into a minefield, Jerry. The 'Westminster Declaration' is fully sharia compliant. Tread carefully, mind how you go! [that'll be 100 Guineas, thanks]

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January 22nd, 2012 11:15pm

Framer

"The next row was in the 1970s, when the unusual alliance of Malcolm Rifkind and Robin Cook campaigned to bring Scottish law into line with English. They were defeated. The law didn’t change until the next Labour government"
Wrong it was the next Tory Government in 1950.

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January 22nd, 2012 11:17pm

Jan Cosgrove

MickC, Heartless C etc If the state calls it 'marriage' it is marriage. That will depend whether legislators are prepared to make it law. It's not about religion especially for those who don't subscribe. Or if a church recognises it. No one expects the Catholic Church to embrace this or even the CoE (not all of it anyway). Others may. I don't see it in many mosques either. But that's their affair. My but won't it be a quandry if a guy gets married to a lass and then to a guy. Now THAT will flumox them all. Will it be bigamy? Or should we say - bi-gamy. Watch this space. A local tory I know is getting engaged to a police-man, we're all so happy for them, really. Just change the law will you, get on with it. Those who don't want to watch, look the other way, why is it your business to interfere anyway? Oh, Jesus said marriage isn't for everyone. But no one reads that or the next few lines. Seems He recognised reality more than some of his self-professed followers.

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January 22nd, 2012 11:35pm

daniel maris

Mick C has it right I think. Let the law prescribe legal unions that combine property and care of children. Let religions decide on their view of what constitutes a marriage or similar.

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January 23rd, 2012 12:28am

Craig Strachan

Honestly, the way some folk carry on about gay marriage you'd think it was going to be made compulsory.

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January 23rd, 2012 12:54am

David Lindsay

David Maxwell Fyfe sat for Liverpool West Derby, now represented by Stephen Twigg. Until constituent Len McCluskey puts up as a union-backed Independent and beats him, but that is another story.

We should seize this opportunity to propose something better. The extension to relatives of the right to contract civil partnerships. The entitlement of each divorcing spouse to one per cent of the other's estate for each year of marriage, up to 50 per cent, and the disentitlement of the petitioning spouse unless fault be proved, thereby restoring the situation whereby, by recognising adultery and desertion as faults in divorce cases, society declared in law its disapproval of them even though they were not in themselves criminal offences.

The entitlement of any marrying couple to register their marriage as bound by the law prior to 1969 as regards grounds and procedures for divorce, and to enable any religious organisation to specify that any marriage which it conducts shall be so bound, requiring it to counsel couples accordingly. And the statutory specification that the Church of England be such a body unless the General Synod specifically resolve the contrary by a two-thirds majority in all three Houses, with something similar for the Methodist and United Reformed Churches, which also exist pursuant to Acts of Parliament, as well as by amendment to the legislation relating to the restoration of the Catholic hierarchy.

That would be a start, anyway.

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January 23rd, 2012 7:30am

Fergus Pickering

Why did my comment take so long to go up. Was it because you were waiting for some OTHER sane people to post and meanwhile letthe ranters have their heads. It's good to see there are so many right wing people around who do NOT want to burn homosexuals.

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January 23rd, 2012 7:58am

David Allens

I dont really agree with Cameron. Commitment in itself alone isnt particularly interesting. Its the context of the commitment and I really dont see what interest the rest of society has in recognising gay relationships through marriage. There doesnt appear to be any particular benefit to the wider community in the way there is with recognising heterosexual relationships.

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January 23rd, 2012 8:15am

ReefKnot

I dont think the gay lobby want tolerance. I suspect they are seeking approval. And they're not going to get it.

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January 23rd, 2012 9:06am

EC

Jerry,

Call me a cynic (I am) but is this post the start of your campaign to get back into parliament as a Cameroon? Have you tired of your return to the barrister life so soon? Have you heard on the grapevine that there might shortly be a seat available because the sitting MP is about to have er... legal difficulties?

OK then, you need to follow this post up, fairly sharpish, with an angst ridden post on the environment. That should do it. Good luck! [that'll be another 100 Guineas, thanks]

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January 23rd, 2012 9:47am

TomTom

"Jerry Hayes is a political clown of negligible importance to the Government. So why all the fuss over his sex life, asks Peter Popham " Tuesday 07 January 1997
Independent

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January 23rd, 2012 9:50am

Jerry Hayes

EC Pleeeeease! No. Have already done 14 years in the place and would probably regarded as a silly old fart. But I am a Cameroon. I think it's time for a spoof book entitled, "The case for a compulsory gay United States of Europe with the Deutchmark as currency, French as the first language and a national sperm bank based in Belgium."

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January 23rd, 2012 11:15am

mattghg

ReekKnot, right and right.

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January 23rd, 2012 12:26pm

DavidDP

‘There’s something special about marriage. It’s not about religion. It’s not about morality. It’s about commitment. When you stand up there, in front of your friends and family, in front of the world, what you’re doing really means something brave and important. You are publicly saying: it’s not about “me, me, me, me” anymore. It’s about “we”: together, the two of us, through thick and thin. That really matters. And, by the way, it means something whether you’re a man and a woman, a woman and a woman or a man and another man. "

An excellent and conservative view. Let's hope this government pushes it to fruition.

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January 23rd, 2012 12:40pm

Wrinkled Weasel

Marriage rests upon a legal foundation. It confers rights of inheritance and carries weight in such terrible decisions as the termination of life of a partner or such wonderful decisions as raising children. That is as far as it should go in terms of State interference. It should not be a vehicle for social engineering and neither should it be used for getting tax breaks.
 
In the end, marriage is intensely personal and private. Regardless of what it is called its value lies in the commitment of two people to each other. Sometimes those two people see it as a commitment before God and sometimes they do not. Regardless of belief it is only as good as the two people make it.
 
Someone close to me embarked upon a same-sex relationship about one year ago. I recently asked if they were considering getting civvied/married or whatever. "Oh no," they said. "We are going to give it at least a couple of years to make sure that we are very certain we want to be together for life."
 
As I understand their relationship, they are very aware that "marriage" is a profound undertaking; a declaration of intent that signifies love and life-long commitment to love, honour and cherish.
 
It is inconceivable to me that anybody could suggest that their plans have any less legitimacy than those in a heterosexual partnership.
 
Accordingly, the idea that in terms of State intervention and social recognition (personal belief is another thing altogether and should be respected) same sex partnerships should enjoy equality in law and public life.
 
My close "friend" is lucky. A few decades ago they would not have been able to achieve the kind of self-actualisation they now enjoy. And that would have been a tragedy.

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January 23rd, 2012 1:20pm

Simon Stephenson.

I recollect a Conservative politician named Iain Macleod, but not, I'm afraid, one named Ian Mcleod.

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January 23rd, 2012 6:50pm

Fergus Pickering

I approve of gay people ever so much. Brings down the number of perfectly ghastly children.

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January 23rd, 2012 9:38pm

Verity

"Eighteen months later, Helmer tweeted, ‘Why is it ok for a surgeon to perform sex change operation but not OK for a psychiatrist to try to ‘turn’ a consenting homosexual?’"

Perhaps because there is no such thing as a "sex change"?

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January 23rd, 2012 9:41pm

Verity

No one can change their DNA.

"Transgender" is another one of those pseudo scientific made-up words invented to legitimise the "sex change" industry.

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January 24th, 2012 12:59pm

Fergus Pickering

There seems a general assumption that homosexuality is something you are born with. Is there any proof of this, or is it just a fashion? What about people who have relationships with both sexes. Are they born bisexual, or are they suppressing a part of their 'true' selves?

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