Public bodies have no role in historical disputes
Diyarbakir, the chief town of the Kurdish region of Turkey, is an astonishing place. Its great grim basalt walls go back to Roman times and maybe earlier; its warren of very narrow streets is studded with old monuments, including varieties of Christian churches; it sits grandly on a bend in the river Tigris. The town centre is quite lively, but if you go to the old citadel area, it becomes depressing: that quarter is swamped in ragged children, hanging like bunches of grapes. They are quite cheerful, but the demographic problem is only too obvious, and so it is in other parts of the area. You wonder how on earth the country can stand the pressure on its infrastructure, and the problem causes much resentment in Turkey proper, where families are now limited in size. In fact vast numbers of Kurds migrate to the cities of the centre and west, especially Istanbul, and there a process of assimilation goes ahead: if you hear young Kurds talking among themselves, they use a mixture of Kurdish and Turkish, the more so as, quite often, they cannot quite understand each other’s dialects. The Kurdish problem boils down to a race between demography in the east and assimilation in the west.
It can only be vastly complicated by the existence of a Kurdish national entity over the border, and besides there are dimensions of drugs-smuggling to make matters worse. Huge fortunes are made out of this and it is very difficult to detect. Tens of thousands of lorries pass the border every month; Turkey has also a considerable headache from refugees (of whom there are 2,000,000, often from Iran). Now there is a suspicion, almost universal in Turkey, that the Americans will set up a ramshackle Kurdish state, and then prepare to leave the whole Iraqi mess behind. Turkey would then have to pick up the pieces and, though economic prosperity grows, this is not a happy time for the country. She had, after independence in 1923, a relatively good 20th century. But given her geographical placing, the 21st is shaping up with versions of the old historical problems. It would be bad if her people have to relapse into that old line of Turkish nationalism, Türk Türkün dostu — meaning, ‘the only friend of the Turk is the Turk’.
The paperback edition of Norman Stone’s World War One: A short history is being published by Penguin in March next year at £7.99.
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Chuck Chambers
October 18th, 2007 7:31am Report this commentAfter working though Mr. Stone's rambling apologia for the Turks, one is still left with the question with which he chose never to address: "What is modern Turkey?" . If it's a Moslem state, then there was never going to be room for a large Armenian Christian minority with equal citizenship rights. . If it's an ethnic Turkish country, then there was never going to be room for either the Armenians or a large Kurdish Islamic minority. Ethnic Turks have made it a crime even to discuss their 1915 massacre, much of which was personal and grizzly, more like Rwanda than Auschwitz. They don’t enjoy discussing their sustained attempt to wipe out Kurdish culture, a national policy that gave rise to the current mess, either. However much Mr. Stone doesn't like it, the US Congress, whatever their motives, and however indirectly broached, has a legitimate, long term duty to understand what kind of country the modern Turks want their country to be. This responsibility goes "in spades" for the legislatures of the European Union. . Now may not the best time to force the issue, but at some point the ethnic Turks will need to make the existential decision of whether they want to live in the multi-ethnic, multi-religious tent of the EU or in a mono-cultural Turkish state of reduced population and area.
ed hooper
October 18th, 2007 10:25am Report this commentI don't know how the Article 301 rules apply to resident foreigners such as Mr. Stone but he is nonetheless playing it safe by shilling for Turkey, as he has done on many occasions.
TDK
October 19th, 2007 11:20am Report this comment"In addition, the figure given for overall losses by the Armenian representative at the Paris peace treaties was 700,000 — not 1.5 million" Oh, that's all right then! Even if you strip away all the debate about intentionality, you are still faced with a situation where the Ottomans instigated and pursued a policy that resulted in a horrific death toll. The Turks then compound this by refusing to countenance any discussion. In contrast I agree with the point that Politicians should not enter such a debate. We've seen the lionization of David Irving after his incarceration; an outcome that results from the political desire to publicly declaim opposition to genocide. That outcome contrasts with his being totally discredited after failing in his libel action. Mixing politics and scholarship never ends happily.
Marc Silver
October 23rd, 2007 4:53am Report this comment"What's The 'Genocide' To Do With Congress? remainds me of that moronic 1960s protest, "What Sex Got To Do With Love?" As a non-US citizen, how can the author possibly know what is the business of the US Congress? Is he by chance assuming that America has the principles, ethics and obligations of an Old World nation, and Congress is simply doing a terrible job of fulfilling them? America is not essentially a nation or even a country. America is a humanist religion whose founding principle is that ALL HUMAN BEINGS, not only Americans, are created equal and are entitled to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. When Scrooge tried to mollify Marley's ghost by saying, "You were always a good man of business, Jacob," Marley exploded, "Business? MANKIND WAS OUR BUSINESS!" How does the post-Churchillian British public feel about Charles Dicken's conviction? Mankind is the business of the American Congress. Whether certain actions taken against other humans in the Brotherhood of Man is genocide is, and always will be, Americas responsibility. Millions of foreign immigrants seeking a new life in the New World know of this bedrock humanist ideal, and sacrifice everything they have to join it. Norman Stone's intellectual pettifogging will not alter the visceral power of the American ideal.
Alex Clark
February 17th, 2009 5:05pm Report this commentSad to see a once serious historian become a shameless apologist for Turkish nationalism, such an uncritical admirer of the Turkish state and, worst of all, a genocide denier. Where did it all go wrong Norman?
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