I have a piece in today's Mail on the crime stats. Here's an extract:
Well that's OK then. Home Secretary Jacqui Smith said yesterday that she is 'extremely pleased' that the Government has exceeded its target for reducing crime. What a surprise! Home Secretaries always claim that crime is falling. The Left-liberal consensus, typified by the BBC, pushes the same line and dismisses any claims that Britain is suffering from an epidemic of crime.For example, when people call phone-in programmes and point out that in their childhood they could play safely in the streets, or leave their front door open when they left the house, they are chastised for talking nonsense. The mantra is repeated: Look at the figures! Crime is down!
Yet the truth is that most people have an instinctive understanding that crime is a lot worse than it used to be. Although it is difficult to sort the reliable evidence from the massaged statistics, the evidence is clear. Things are worse than the official statistics suggest.
It was claimed that the figures published yesterday showed that there were five million recorded crimes in England and Wales - a fall of 9 per cent in the 12 months to March.
The phrase 'lies, damned lies and statistics' is never more apposite than when dealing with crime figures. Indeed, there were two sets of 'official' figures: first, the number of crimes recorded by the police and, second, crimes counted by the British Crime Survey. The police figures say there were five million crimes last year while the British Crime Survey figures say there were 10.1 million.
And if you think that's confusing, it gets worse: both sets of figures are wrong.
The figures for crime recorded by the police are very misleading because they only take into account, as is clear from their name, those crimes which are actually reported to the police.
On the other hand, the British Crime Survey is based on 47,000 people who are asked about their experience of crime. So, in theory, it's a better guide to the true level of crime than the police's figures. But it, too, is still deeply flawed.
For one thing, the British Crime Survey is hamstrung because its researchers only interview people who are prepared to discuss the problem - and they are hard to find in high-crime, inner-city areas.
Worse, the survey doesn't count more than five repeat violent crimes against a victim. So, if someone is repeatedly mugged, not only might the crimes never be recorded because the victim was never included in the survey, but even if he was, the number of crimes would be under-counted.Thus one university criminologist has calculated that the total number of violent crimes committed against adults is likely to be 80 per cent higher than the figure recorded by the British Crime Survey.
Ridiculously, the BCS figures also fail to include any crimes involving a victim aged less than 16. Whereas other independent research shows that one in four children between 12 and 16 has been a victim of crime.
Nor does it include crimes related to illegal drug use, sexual offences, crimes against commercial victims (such as vandalism and van thefts), murder or shoplifting.
...The think-tank Civitas has calculated, using these and other statistics which don't feature in the British Crime Survey, that there are around 11million extra crimes every year. If these are added to the British Crime Survey's estimate of 12.6million for 2003, this means a total of almost 24million crimes. (And, of course, this much higher figure doesn't include sex or drug-related crimes.)
...Even on the official figures, it is also clear that crime is much worse than it used to be. For more than a century, recorded crime remained more or less the same - sometimes dipping (to 79,000 incidents in 1886) or rising to a peak (105,000 in 1908).
By 1931, the figure had started to rise, to 159,000. But it was only in the 1960s that there was a dramatic take-off: By 1971, the number had risen to 1,166,000.
...Just using the woefully inadequate British Crime Survey figures, the breakdown for specific crimes shows increase over the past 30 years. For example, in 1979 there was a one in 11 chance of being a victim of car crime; today, three quarters of drivers are victims. Equally, in 1979, there was a one in 32 chance of suffering a burglary; today it is one in 11.
In 1957, 340 per 100,000 of the population were convicted of a criminal offence; by 1991 the figure had risen to 1,400, and this at a time when detection rates fell. So, even though clear-up rates were falling, ever greater numbers of the population were convicted of crime.
This pattern is also borne out by recorded police figures, which dramatically underplay the scale of crime. For example, in 2001 there were 6,500 robberies in one London borough (Lambeth) whereas, in 1972, there were 8,900 robberies recorded in the whole of England and Wales.
During the month of December 2002, police recorded 282 robberies in Lambeth - a larger figure than for the entire number of robberies recorded for all of England and Wales in every year bar two between 1918 and 1939. In fact, the national annual figure for robbery did not exceed 400 until 1941.
Nevertheless, the BBC reported yesterday's figures with its usual slavish adherence to the fiction that crime is a mirage. Indeed, one report was headlined 'Facts not fears', as if the public's fear of crime is irrational.
Next time you hear a politician or someone from the liberal-Left try to dismiss fear of crime as a media panic, remember this: statistics can be used to support almost any argument. But the truth will always out.
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Ross
July 18th, 2008 8:06amAdditional problems with the BCS are:
- It doesn't cover crimes against those who aren't permanent residents of the UK, such as tourists or migrant workers.
- People's aren't very good at remembering what has happened over the course of year. When studies have been done by surveying people whom the surveyers know reported crimes to the police fewer than half of respondents recall the crime for the survey.
Chris
July 18th, 2008 8:18amSo - if the statistics don't agree with your prejudices - make it up. The fact is that real life is not at all like the ridiculous fantasies of the law and order lobby and the combination of nasty authoritarians and cowardly misanthropes who back it. Crime is not really much of a problem - the police state that's been put in place using the justification of a largely imaginary threat does much more to destroy all our quality of life.
john problem
July 18th, 2008 9:08amOur leaders would never be able to cope with finding their way through a load of numbers like those above. Completely impossible. Not worth the time. Too much like SATs. Not at all like a PPE at Oxfam.
Charles
July 18th, 2008 9:50amIt is entirely possible that the 'risk' of becoming a crime victim is rising whilst recorded crime falls - if one takes the view that it is vigilance which drives crime down and that any relaxation tends to be rewarded accordingly, ie crime statistics do not inherently reflect the propensity for criminality.
Stephen Pollard
July 18th, 2008 10:01amChris: Talk about the boot being on the other foot! None of my statistics are made up. I don't sugggest that the official figures are made up, either; simply that they do not cover the full extent of crime.
And, specifically, it is simply wrong to argue that the level of crime now is better than, say, fifty years ago. The facts - facts, facts, facts! - are unarguable, and anyone who suggests otherwise is either lying or ignorant of the facts.
Ray
July 18th, 2008 10:32amThere is also the problem of massive under-reporting of crime.
For example, once upon a time if someone was vandalising a bus shelter passers-by would remonstrate with the perpetrators or neighbours would report them to the police. Nowaday, hardly anyone does - either through fear of being abused or assaulted (or even knifed!), or because they simply don't believe the police will bother to react.
THX1138
July 18th, 2008 1:19pmYeah but I would much rather live in Britain now than say fifty years ago more crime or not. I'm really getting hacked off with all broken society stuff that all your right wing pundits are spouting.
I love living in LDN It makes you feel alive it's exciting & would rather put up with a bit of crime than live in the sanitized police states of Singapore or Switzerland.
Conlige suspectos semper habitos
July 18th, 2008 2:27pmLet's have a whip-round to buy a stab-proof vest for THX1138 so that he can continue to enjoy the 'excitement' of living in London.
Nick Strange
July 18th, 2008 2:29pmStephen Pollard criticizes the British Crime Survey for many imperfections, but surely in one case he goes too far. We would all be fascinated to hear his suggestions on how the BCS could interview the victims of murder.
PJD
July 18th, 2008 3:01pmAs both the number of reported crimes and the BCS are showing annual falls it is hard to argue that in reality the crime rate is actually increasing.
This is because both systems are using the same methodology year by year.
Also comparing recent robbery figures with ones from before WWII negates the obvious that people now possess a lot more valuable items worth stealing.
THX1138
July 18th, 2008 3:29pmUsual Suspects- Don't need one I can Run amo ventus.
Mark
July 18th, 2008 9:53pmThere must be something in the air when Stephen Pollard and Neil Clark singing from the same hymn sheet- in this case re the unprecedented level of 'knife crime'.
That something may well be Mr Sammlers Planet, the celestial body whose existence was denied in 1970s New York by the antecedents of the likes of THX1138, and whose centre of gravity is now poised over present day London.
Lets hope that THX1138 sees out the next decade safely, and doesn't decamp to 'sanitized' Singapore or Switzerland (or Suffolk?)between now and 2018.
Mark Frank
July 19th, 2008 2:38pmThis article is bizarre. Who is claiming that the BCS reports all crime or that there is less crime than there was in the 1950s. The significant claim from the BBC and the Home Office is that crime has been dropping since the mid-1990s. The BCS is incomplete, and never pretended to be otherwise, but it has surveyed a large proportion of crime in a consistent manner since 1981. It is the best evidence available on **trends** in crime and it is not "woefully inadequate"(certainly better than "what people instinctively know"). It is also consistent with a global trend among developed countries.
As I am sure you know, in 2006 the government commissioned an independent review of home office crime statistics under Professor Adrian Smith (a former
president of the Royal Statistical Society). The review was broadly supportive of the BCS but made many recommendations for improvement, particulary the importance of having local crime figures as crime rates vary so much from place to place. These two quote are relevant:
"Both the BCS and police recorded crime statistics contribute to building up the national picture of crime trends. The two approaches measure different things (victimisation on the one hand, reported and recorded crime on the other) and each has its strengths and weaknesses. **Together they are currently the best sources to provide a picture of what is happening to trends in crime**, but there remains a range of crimes not captured by current national statistics."
"However,we are also clear that **there can never be a measure of ‘overall’ or ‘total’ crime**. There will always be
crimes not adequately captured in the statistics and a single total number would bring together a very wide
range of acts and degrees of seriousness in a not very meaningful way. What matters – and is attainable – is
to develop national crime statistics series that have clearly understood strengths and weaknesses and are
consistent enough over time to provide trend data for whatever area of crime each measures."
Yes, it is possible to use statistics to support almost any case. But statistics are the only kind of evidence that matters in the long run. They are the truth. That is why it is important to interpret them intelligently.
John Clegg
July 19th, 2008 9:59pmThis is great news, crime down another 10%. So at this rate in 10 years time, there won’t be any more crime!!! and the police can stay off the streets with a clear conscience.
Its all a bit like our yearly improvement in A-level results, now over 90% of students get an A-grade. If this rate continues soon they will get an A-grade for spelling their names correctly.
Mois, cynical?? (“tractor production figures” my friends, or more simply lies)
PJD
July 19th, 2008 11:45pmJohn Clegg, I am guessing that you didn't get an A grade at A-level maths.
Crime would only drop to a zero if it dropped by the actual and not percentage amount for 10 consecutive years.
And for the record only 25% of A-levels are given an A grade.
Alan
July 20th, 2008 6:54amFWIW, my own experience is entirely in line with the statistics that show crime in this country peaking around 1995 and declining since then. My immediate family and I were the victims of eight crimes of theft or violence between 1991 and 1998 - and of none before or since.
THX1138
July 29th, 2008 9:19amSP Looks like that A daily must-read Daniel Finkelstein says your wrong & as a regular follower of the fink tank I would be happy to bet he knows more about stats than you.
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/daniel_finkelstein/article4380637.ece
The money quote.
"But crime is falling. Sorry, but it just is. "
I don't remember Danny being from the liberal-Left do you?