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Forty years on from Tet: how the US won Vietnam

Wednesday, 30th January 2008

Stanley Johnson returns to Vietnam four decades after the offensive that shattered American confidence in the war — but reflects that the US went on to win the cultural battle

And yet. And yet. With the passage of time, even potent symbols can lose their force. The Vietnamese Communist Party may still hold its regular congresses, producing National Plans and other exhortatory documents. The leadership may talk about their commitment to a ‘socialist market economy’ but one can’t help feeling that this is so much window-dressing. Like it or not, the world has moved on and Vietnam has moved with it.

The reality is that Vietnam today is one of the rising economic stars of Asia. A year ago it joined the World Trade Organisation. Its growth rate may not equal that of China, its giant neighbour to the north, but at over 8 per cent a year for the last several years, its achievements in material terms at least are extraordinary.

In Hanoi today, bicycles have largely been replaced by motorcycles and the rush hour extends throughout the day. In Ho Chi Minh City, there seem to be almost as many cars now as there were once motorcycles, such has been the increase in affluence. There are over 100 Kentucky Fried Chicken establishments in HCMC alone and, unless bird flu intervenes dramatically, there will soon be more. Childhood obesity has become a national health problem. When I flew in from Laos, people told me not to bother to change money on arrival as the US dollar was universally accepted. At the end of 2006, foreign investment exceeded $3 billion, and the government had sold $750 million in bonds on the international market.

Did America, bizarrely, somehow manage to win the Vietnam war after all?

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Vietnamese

January 31st, 2008 2:22pm

The thing is Westerners didn't and still don't get it, Vietnamese have never been anti-American, for goodness sake, Ho Chi Minh's opening line of the Declaration of Independence was a quote from the American one.

Ian

February 1st, 2008 3:22am

I suggest when next in Ha Noi a visit to the the Ethnology Museum will be illuminating. On the ground floor is an exhibition of the subsidised economy period (Bao Cap)that was instituted after 1976 until the 'doi moi opening of the economy in 1986 This exhibition tells graphically of the privations suffered by all Vietnamese when this command economy regime ruled - a bar of soap was a luxury beyond compare for example. Now of course it is a 'market economy with socialist tendencies' and is booming. I too wondered why on earth that American war was fought.

dexey

February 1st, 2008 7:05pm

The war was fought to stop communist expansian in SE Asia and because the sainted Pres. Kennedy could do no wrong.
Capitalism was always going to win. It improves the majority of people's lives.

Jo

February 2nd, 2008 11:11am

Interesting you still think in terms of winning and losing. Couldn't the war simply be an obscene intrusion into other people's lives?

david bennet

February 2nd, 2008 12:14pm

If we seriously believe that our way of life is better and more attractive than anyone else's, then we should just get on with living and wait for them to notice. Of course, we have to do it properly, and that means protectionism should be out and open borders in. But, to adapt George W. Bush: 'If you're not with us ... well, you will be, eventually!'

SPENCER

February 2nd, 2008 1:13pm

It's a pity that all the smart guys in the Pentagon and the Bush Government did not draw any lessons from Vietnam.If they adopted a more subtle approach to the Middle East things might have been different. Surely the days are gone when America can be the gun-slinger, Texan or otherwise. Get away from the old mind-set and your country will win more 'cultural wars'

Paul Gourju

February 2nd, 2008 4:02pm

Forty years ago, on the night of 30–31 January 1968, the Liberation Army, as it is now known here, launched its famous Tet offensive...My official host, a woman of about 40 sitting beside me in the back of the vehicle, suddenly burst into song. The interpreter went on to tell me: ‘During the war, Mrs Nguyen was one of the leaders of the guerrillas in this area.’ I had a sudden vision of a younger, possibly slimmer, black-pyjama-clad (more probably in swaddling cloths) Mrs Nguyen breathing under water through a rice-straw…precautious non?

Sonya Porter

February 2nd, 2008 7:56pm

How sad. Even your revered magazine has got it wrong. The only thing the Americans did wrong in Vietnam was to allow themselves to be defeated, not by the Communist forces of the north but by their own untutored, unworldly university students. It was all so simple. In 1954 the French were defeated and left Vietnam. There were then talks in Paris and finally it was decided to split the country into Communist North and Democratic South. The south, when I got there in 1963, was a vibrant,becoming-wealthy, almost too-democratic country with 24 political parties in the Parliament and 16 daily papers. But the Northern Communists started to move into the south and President Ngo then did two things. He put in place some laws which eventually ended in the priests burning themselves and a curtailing of democracy, and he also invited the Americans to send experts to train the Southern troops which had been excluded from defence forces during the French colonial period. However, the Southern Vietnamese troops could not be trained quickly enough and with the Communists rapidly taking over the north of South Vietnam, the President then asked the American to send troops. Yes, the Americans made mistakes as all troops do, but while I was in Saigon in 63 and 64, they were welcomed. It was still a time when the Domino Theory was in force, the fear that if one country in the far east fell to the Communists, the rest would follow and the South Vietnamese had fought the French and the Paris talks to achieve democracy. But the Students backed the Communists and American was defeated. My Vietnamese friends had the hell of a time after the fall of Saigon and I shall never forgive those stupid, blind students who knew nothing of life.

Andy Dyer

February 2nd, 2008 10:03pm

Incredible though it may seem, Americans learnt nothing atall from their sensational defeat by a bunch of peasants fresh out of the jungle. Ask them some time and hear them splutter.

Or ask them how many people died - 9 out of 10 will say 58,000. Tell them they're out by a factor of 50 and they'll look blank and accuse you of being a commie.

B, Phillips

February 3rd, 2008 4:11am

Can best be described as a totalitarian free market, with a wealthy aristocracy composed of party members; no free press, no free education or health care. Much as the regime in China and seems to be the ultimate fate of all communist regimes.

heavy kevvie

February 3rd, 2008 6:52am

what malarky,the americans LOST the war against the vietnamese.this was a war of guns,ideology and liberation from colonialism.no matter how much blood,treasure and bombs the US threw into vietnam they left defeated.vietnam has changed due to more influences from all over the world than just america.


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