Dalibor Rohac

On vaccines, the EU is getting what it paid for

Remember when the EU was going to provide an antidote to the spectre of vaccine nationalism? While Italian authorities are raiding pharmaceutical plants for vaccines, the European Commission is pushing for measures to block vaccine exports to countries that do not ‘reciprocate’.

Unfortunately, European authorities have it exactly backward. Instead of seeking to expand the existing supply, their ham-fisted policies risk having the opposite effect. The ongoing war on AstraZeneca is bound to make every pharmaceutical firm think twice before signing a contract with the EU. And with vaccine production chains spanning across numerous jurisdictions, including non-members of the EU, export restrictions increase legal uncertainty and can disrupt supplies further.

The inconvenient fact for the EU is that you get what one pays for. The Commission decided to pay €1.78 (£1.53) per dose of AstraZeneca, as opposed to the £3 paid by the UK government. It is also paying €12 (£10.34) per dose for a dose of the Pfizer vaccine — not £15. Much as the health commissioner Stella Kyriakides may dislike the first-come, first-served logic, pharma companies are in the business of making money for the shareholders, not serving the most pressing societal needs.

Instead of seeking to expand the existing supply, their ham-fisted policies risk having the opposite effect

If policymakers want to align the two, they need to shape the incentives facing the pharma industry and harness, well, their ‘greed’, as Prime Minister Boris Johnson put it. It means doing the one thing that the EU has failed to do in response to its delayed vaccination rollout: showering the industry with money.

Normally, building and staffing new pharmaceutical factories takes months or years. Since every additional month of the pandemic costs the global economy hundreds of billions and opens the door to new virus strains, this is not the time to be cheap.

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