From the magazine

How many homes in England have air conditioning?

The Spectator
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EXPLORE THE ISSUE 23 August 2025
issue 23 August 2025

Suit cases

Volodymyr Zelensky again failed to wear a suit and tie to a meeting at the White House, in spite of being asked to do so – although Donald Trump did say he looked ‘fabulous’ in his black button-up suit. What did Allied leaders wear to the great conferences in the second world war?

— Cairo 1943: Winston Churchill wore a white suit with bow tie; Franklin D. Roosevelt a lounge suit with striped tie; and the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek a military uniform.

— Tehran 1943: Churchill and Stalin both wore military uniform; Roosevelt wore a pinstriped suit.

— Yalta 1945: The photo session was held outside in cold weather. Churchill wore a thick civilian coat, FDR a cape over a lounge suit, and Stalin a military greatcoat.

Cool customers

According to the English Housing Survey, just 3% of households use air conditioning. How does this compare internationally?

India 5%

South Africa 6%

Indonesia 9%

EU 10%

Mexico; Brazil 16%

China 60%

Saudi Arabia 63%

South Korea 86%

US 90%

Japan 91%

Source: International Energy Agency

Inflated figures

Train fares will again increase in line with the Retail Price Index (RPI) rather than the government’s preferred measure of inflation, the Consumer Price Index (CPI). How much faster has the RPI risen compared with the CPI?

RPICPI
Over 10 years57%39%
20 years111%78%
30 years172%106%

Source: Office for National Statistics

Home workers

Grant Harrold, formerly one of the butlers at Highgrove, published his memoirs. How many homes in Britain employ staff?

— According to the Work Foundation, 1 in 10 households employs staff, with 2m employed in this way. However, that includes part-time cleaners – there are rather fewer liveried butlers.

— The ONS Annual Population Survey found there are 15,200 full-time and 25,900 part-time housekeepers, and 111,200 full-time and 47,100 part-time gardeners.

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