Katja Hoyer Katja Hoyer

Why did the Weimar Republic descend so rapidly into chaos?

Despite its democratic ideals and artistic creativity, 1920s Germany lacked both the flexibility and social cohesion necessary for functional politics, says Frank McDonough

Children playing with worthless banknotes in a German street in 1923. [Getty Images] 
issue 26 August 2023

‘Thirteen wasted years’ bellowed Adolf Hitler at receptive audiences in the spring of 1932. He was talking about the first full German democracy, the Weimar Republic. Proclaimed in November 1918, it was born out of a desire to do things better after the horrors of the first world war and was an ambitious attempt to establish one of the most progressive states in history.

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